The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) came into force in 1995 in the ambit of the World Trade Organization (WTO). TRIPS obliges WTO country members to adopt higher standards of patent protection and, as a consequence, increases the costs of access to...

Tax expenditures with health care in Brazil: the behavior between the years 1996 and . This article presents an economic approach trying to get the interrelations between the private expenditures on health care and the tax expenditures. It shows an overview of the family's expenses on health...

We evaluate the efficiency of expenditure in health care provision by comparing various output measures (life expectancy; infant survival rate; years of life recovered from diseases; population; area) from the health system of Brazilian and OECD countries with an expenditure measure (health...