This paper examines the importance of geographic distance for the occurrence of knowledge flows between countries and how this importance has been changing over time. The main channels for knowledge flows are presented and an econometric analysis conducted with a focus on knowledge flows...

This paper examines the importance of geographic distance for the occurrence of knowledge flows between countries and how this importance has been changing over time. The main channels for knowledge flows are presented and an econometric analysis conducted with a focus on knowledge flows...

We examine how Social Security affects the distribution of resources between racial groups in Brazil. To do this, we apply two methodological perspectives. Using a life-cycle perspective, we compare contributions and benefits accrued over the life cycle of representative individuals of each...

Uma melhoria da infra-estrutura e da logística, ao integrar a produção e os negócios entre as diferentes regiões ou países, reduz os custos do comércio e promove a riqueza. No entanto, as análises sobre o relacionamento da infra-estrutura com o comércio internacional tem tido muito mais...

Except for Brazil, Latin American countries considerably expanded their bilateral investment treaties (BITs) networks during the 1990s in an attempt to expand FDI inflows. Although the theory on the subject predicts a positive relationship between the inflow of FDI and the conclusion of these...

This paper analyzes the effects of non-tariff measures on international trade, using a structural gravity model with 77 exporters, 63 importers, and all goods available in the 6-digit Harmonized System. Unlike most of the literature on the subject, we chose to estimate the effect of each measure...