This text details the technical procedures used in the construction of a panel data base of public servants and employees and military personnel working in the public administrations of Brazilian States. Six sets of procedures are presented. The first set deals with the extraction of the raw...

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, governments mobilized scientists to help them design, implement and evaluate policies. These scientists analysed the available scientific evidence and worked to incorporate it into policies, being in this way an essential interface between governments and...

We consider a leader and a subordinate he appoints who engage in team production. The public observes the organization’s performance, but is unable to determine the separate contributions of the leader and of the subordinate. The leader may therefore claim credit for the good work of his...