Transportation costs are an under-appreciated barrier to political participation. Here we examine whether a large-scale intervention to lower these costs, the adoption of a fare-free transit policy on Election Day in Brazil, increases voter turnout. Taking into account the different timing of...

Transportation costs are an under-appreciated barrier to political participation. Here we examine whether a large-scale intervention to lower these costs, the adoption of a fare-free transit policy on Election Day in Brazil, increases voter turnout. Taking into account the different timing of...