We present a detailed survey of changes in the reserve requirement system in Brazil and analyze the system's main functions and goals during the period from 1994 to 2012. We identify four different subperiods with respect to the use of this policy tool. In the first subperiod, from july 1994 to...

We present a detailed survey of changes in the reserve requirement system in Brazil and analyze the system's main functions and goals during the period from 1994 to 2012. We identify four different subperiods with respect to the use of this policy tool. In the first subperiod, from july 1994 to...

The aim of this paper is to analyze critically the Independence of Central Banks (ICB). By presenting the theoretical arguments that support the independence, as well as some empirical studies regarding this topic, we introduce the main critical concerns about the argument of ICB. Besides, we...

This paper investigates the presence of non-linear mechanisms of the pass- through from exchange rate to inflation in Brazil. In particular, it estimates a Phillips curve with a threshold for the passthrough. The paper examines whether the short-run magnitude of the pass-through is affected by...

The adoption of the Taylor rule is an essential element of the New Consensus on Monetary Policy, characterized by the recent acceptance, by the orthodoxy, of money stock endogeneity. In line with the reviewed literature, a reaction function of the Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) is estimated with a...

This article presents a review of empirical literature regarding the credibility of economic policy, dedicating special attention to the econometric techniques used. The literature researched is comprised of two groups based on the type of econometric technique employed. However, within the main...

The adoption of the Taylor rule is an essential element of the New Consensus on Monetary Policy, characterized by the recent acceptance, by the orthodoxy, of money stock endogeneity. In line with the reviewed literature, a reaction function of the Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) is estimated with a...

This paper deals with the financial statements of Central Banks. The starting point is the analysis of their balance sheets, which reveal their strong connections, on the one hand, with the National Treasuries; on the other hand, with the financial firms. The balance sheets reveal, besides the...

The recent financial crisis shed a new light on issues that, previously, were not perceived as serious or important. It highlighted the close ties between fiat money and government bonds denominated in it that imply a strong relationship between Treasury and Central Bank. Two ill-conceived views...