The balance-of-payment crisis literature can offer the basis to understand the current economic turmoil in Brazil. According to the author's calculations, the real exchange rate requires a 15% to 20% devaluation so as to assure that the intertemporal balance-of-payments constraint is not...

This article analyzes the exchange rate misalignment in Brazil in the period between 1994 and the early 2008, exploring its causes and consequences. The method used was to adjust the exchange rate according to the economic fundamentals. The estimations led to an expected long-term exchange rate,...