Pollution prevention is preferable to reliance on end-of-pipe pollution control. Since we look at the environment in the global sense, it is irrelevant that the emissions reductions occur at the electrical generating station rather than at the site of the efficiency improvements. In foundries as...

Life cycle energy, environment and economic assessment for conventional diesel (CD) and soybean-based biodiesel (SB) in China was carried out in this paper. The results of the assessment have shown that compared with CD, SB has similar source-to-tank (StT) total energy consumption, 76% lower StT...

A common starting point in assessing greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction policy implications in the built environment is to look at industry specific policies. This paper addressed the glaring gap between national all-economy policy options that actually determine industry-specific programs, and...

The basic Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem (VRSP) is described followed by an outline of solution approaches. Different variations of the basic VRSP are examined that involve the consideration of additional constraints or other changes in the structure of the appropriate model. An...