The turbulences on the international financial markets are rather connected to the downfall of the American mortgage market than to the generalised insolvency of the debtors.

The purpose of this paper is threefold: (1) to examine briefly the history and development of the major methodological controversies in economic science.

This survey analyzes two types of models: 1. Models based on assumptions of monetary and financial market equilibrium disturbance in line with mainstream thinking to believe that is self-regulating market, the units would have rational expectations, an the crisis would be a temporary phenomenon...