Investment companies are exploring the best opportunities on financial markets for financial instruments transactions in order to optimize the portfolio structure and to diversify the risk. Trading the financial derivatives is assumed to be one of the most efficient methods to increase the...

Romanian Abstract: Optimizarea consumului de energie actual este unul din principalele preocupări ale specialiştilor din acest domeniu la nivel mondial. Începând cu anii ′70 a început să se realizeze importanţa şi necesitatea de a dezvolta o strategie de utilizare a energie electrice....

­The literature devoted to economic development concerns itself in a growing de­gree with the role and importance of institutions­­­

The study is based on the critical observations that the competitive market forces alone are not able to assure the convergence with the developed countries. 

The liberalisation of capital flows makes in the Romanian economy vulnerable to the important and presumably unstable capitals.

The study defines the three types of convergence – institutional, nominal and real ones –, the connection among them and their main measurement indicators. 

The present paper sets out a presentation and an analysis of the patent system in the European Union in the context of the new economic policies accompanying the implementation of the Lisbon Strategy.

This study offers from the beginning a survey about the institutional construction in the pre- and post-adhesion stages to European Economic and Monetary Union, about the exchange rate mechanism applied by the different countries and about convergence criteria.

Real convergence represents an essential objective for Romania\'s integration into the EU.

The process of adhesion to the European structures imposes a certain direction to the capital markets and by this to the economic development.