, methods of assigning ratings, rating classification, function and the directions of use. …

concentration, the industrial policy of the government, and the banks' involvement in the financing of the non-financial economy. We … see a hierarchical multi-tier banking system headed by a few core state-controlled banks. These combine commercial … influence on the banks' lending decisions and market behavior. We argue that the Chinese and Russian banking provide empirical …

groups of banks: banks with foreign shareholders vs. domestic banks, and Moscow-based banks vs. regional banks. The … research shed light on the efficiency of Russian banks and their susceptibility to external shocks. Specifically, foreign …-owned banks are shown to be generally more efficient than domestic ones, while the difference between Moscow-based and regional …

The aim of this paper is to analyze the increasing importance of banks in the Russian economy over the period following … the financial crisis of 1998. We use several measures to assess the role of banks in domestic financial intermediation in … from micro-level studies. All of these confirm that banks are becoming increasingly important in financial intermediation …