This paper looks at differences in enforcement of employment protection legislation (EPL) across regions of the Russian Federation. The research is based on data from regional courts, State labour inspections and trade unions. These data have never been used by researchers. A special section...

Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan still undergo the process of establishing a land legislative system, implementing agricultural reforms that aim at increasing land productivity. The effectiveness of these reforms is often dependent on the level of law enforcement that varies in accordance with whether...

The paper attempts to estimate expropriation risks for shareholders in the Russian economy. On the basis of the survey of nearly 1000 manufacturing firms which was conducted in 2009 a series of special "ownership insecurity indices" is constructed and their variation by types of risks and firms...