Spanish Abstract: En ese artículo se efectúa un análisis de la integración y dependencia de las políticas monetarias de la Unión Europea y, en concreto, de las políticas monetarias de la Unión Económica y Monetaria y de la zona no euro para el periodo comprendido entre Enero de 1999 y...

Al llarg del segle XIX Espanya va ser un soci actiu per la creacio de les primeres organitzacions mundials de caracter tecnic. Durant el segle XX Espana va participar en l'establiment de la Societat de Nacions creada despres de La Primera Guerra Mundial, pero el regim favorable a l'Eix de Franco...

Central banks act as lenders of last resort to commercial banks and other financial institutions. However, there is much controversy about whether or not they should perform this function. This article analyses, in the first place, the principal aspects o

The international financial system (IFS) has undergone a series of financial crises over the past decade. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of said system (that have contributed to the crises) and, with them in mind, reviews and evaluates the IFS refor

El dólar continúa desempeñando un papel central en el comercio y los mercados financieros internacionales. La dependencia de los mercados mayoristas de corto plazo (repos, papel comercial, certificados de depósito, swaps) para obtener financiación en dólares hace especialmente vulnerables...

All severe crises have required a reformulation of the International Financial Architecture (IFA). The G20, abruptly turned into a discussion and action forum to cope with the crisis, focused its work on two areas: first, the coordination of the macroeconomic policies to come out of the crisis...

Actualmente casi todos los envíos internacionales necesitan emplear más de un tipo de transporte desde su punto de origen hasta su destino final. Cada uno de los tipos mundiales de transporte de carga y pasajeros ha desempeñado un papel esencial en la facilitación de la diversificación...

This research begins with the following questions: Is there consistency between the identification of development and the economic structure that is possessed?; are there similarities among economies identified with differences in their levels of development?; and, are there non-developed...

In the study of welfare systems, the relation of the social expenditure and the indicators of vulnerability as poverty rates or income inequality indexes focus a great interest in the literature. In this way, we evaluate the productivity of social transfer policies of EU15 states, which are the...

English Abstract: The competitiveness of Mexican manufacturing exports plays a leading role, as the bridge to reach prosperity and economic growth. This work examines the impact of the real exchange rate and other macro and microeconomic variables on competitiveness. We use a model of...