A key characteristic of regulatory schemes in Latin America is its virtual absence of mechanisms for coping with outages in the supply of public utilities. This paper presents such a mechanism, which has the advantage of being complementary to the medium

This article analyzes the impact of market power on a transferable emissions permit system (TEPS). The application is carried out for the case of the "Programa de Compensación de Emisiones" in the city of Santiago, Chile, using data for 1997. In addition

The rural areas of Costa Rica suffered significant transformations as a consequence of two phenomenon: In one hand, the long tendency to economical, political and cultural global integration living by the most diverse nations in the contemporary time. In the other hand, the reorientation of the...

This work tries to determine what are the damages and consequences that cause to throw rubbish to the field, vacant land, rivers, lakes and lagoons to the environment by the Nicaraguan homes. Through a proposed econometric model of the Ordinal Probit Multinomial type, it is estimated the...

When a ship which carries fuel o any contaminant or toxic material gets into average, the first thing to do is taking it to harbour, where the flow can be controlled. If not possible, then take it to the coast, so that it sinks to the lowest deepness as possible and safe from streams dragging...

This draft discusses the main instruments to mitigate environmental externalities, considering both the traditional goals of efficiency and equity and restrictions on information and technical and political feasibility. It is analyzed the program "Pico y Placa" in Medellín, a restricting...

Casi cinco años después de haber culminado las privatizaciones en telecomunicaciones y electricidad, así como haber realizado importantes reformas en agua potable y alcantarillado, es necesario realizar un balance sobre los resultados de dichas reformas. A fin de determinar si el resultado...

We show that project evaluation should be based on free cash flows at nominal prices. We present a case where the results from the constant price method are biased upwards and there is a risk to accept bad projects. It is a widespread practice to evaluate projects at constant prices. With an...

We present a hybrid mechanism application for the electrical system network expansion in Mexico, United States and Canada. The application is based on redefining the transmission output in terms of "point-to-point" transactions or financial transmission rights (FTRs); rebalancing the fixed and...