The paper reports a study in which the turnover and employment generated by the production of Direct Marketing in Sweden is measured. What is generated by the use of Direct Marketing is not reported. First, a basis for defining Direct Marketing is presented, based on purpose with the marketing...

Due to the unobservability of the new credit production, most of the empirical loan market studies use, instead, the observable credit stock. This substitution has been pointed out to be likely to generate biases (e.g. see Lown and Peristiani (1996)). In this paper, we show that under quite...