This study presents a novel empirical approach to identify financing constraints for innovation based on the concept of … they selected additional innovation projects, they must have had some unexploited investment opportunities that were not … profitable using more costly external finance. We attribute constraints for innovation not only to lacking financing, but also to …

This study presents a novel empirical approach to identify financing constraints for innovation based on the concept of …. If they selected additional innovation projects, they must have had some unexploited investment opportunities that were … not profitable using more costly external finance. We attribute constraints for innovation not only to lacking financing …

innovation is a crucial productivity driver, a potential crowding out of inventive efforts could increase the cost of mitigating … of the firms R&D and total innovation expenditures net of those costs due to the environmental innovation. The estimated … number of R&D projects and investments in non-innovation-related assets. Likewise, for firms with subsidy …

on innovation performance. The results confirm that the publicly-induced R&D is productive as it translates into …

costs. Research therefore repeatedly stressed the positive relationship between collaborative R&D and innovation performance … terms of gains for innovation performance, but also show that collaboration has decreasing and even negative returns on … product innovation if its intensity increases above a certain threshold. In particular, costs start outweighing benefits if a …