on existing literature, we argue that ex ante regulation could represent a danger for the long-term development of the … infrastructures. We also argue that ex ante regulation is distorting investment itself: incremental investment is privileged as … opposed to radical investment. In this context, we identify three possible options for regulation in the near future: 1 …

are not simply a more efficient way of doing the same thing as regulation. Rather, they involve considerable innovation …

Efficiency and productivity analysis is a central concept in incentive-based regulation of network utilities. However … adjustment of capital stock or production capacity, is problematic under incentive regulation with ex-post regulatory treatment …

from regulation to competition. By modeling the impact of the 1990s U.S. electricity deregulation on patenting, we find …

of society. The implications of policies such as patent protection, price regulation, and mandatory divestiture are …