This paper investigates the role that imperfect knowledge about the structure of the economy plays in the formation of expectations, macroeconomic dynamics, and the efficient formulation of monetary policy. Economic agents rely on an adaptive learning technology to form expectations and to...

We develop an estimated model of the U.S. economy in which agents form expectations by continually updating their beliefs regarding the behavior of the economy and monetary policy. We explore the effects of policymakers' misperceptions of the natural rate of unemployment during the late 1960s...

A key challenge facing most emerging market economies today is how to simultaneously maintain monetary independence, exchange rate stability and financial integration subject to the constraints imposed by the Trilemma, in an era of widespread globalization. In this paper we overview and contrast...

Presentation to the Rotary Club of Seattle, Seattle, Washington, September 6, 2011

A key challenge facing most emerging market economies today is how to simultaneously maintain monetary independence, exchange rate stability and financial integration subject to the constraints imposed by the Trilemma, in the era of deepening globalization. In this paper we study the Trilemma...

Presentation to the SPUR Business Breakfast Series, San Francisco, CA, April 4, 2012. ; President Williams presented similar remarks to the University of San Diego School of Business Administration in San Diego, California, on April 3, 2012.

Presentation to the Marian Miner Cook Athenaeum, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, California, February 13, 2012

Presentation to the 2012 Santa Barbara County Economic Summit, Santa Barbara, CA, May 3, 2012

Presentation to the Monetary Policy Forum, New York, New York, February 24, 2012