This paper investigates the dynamic interrelationship between self-employment and unemployment rates. On the one hand …, unemployment rates may stimulate start-up activity of self-employed. On the other hand, higher rates of self-employment may … indicate increased entrepreneurial activity reducing unemployment in subsequent periods. These two effects have resulted in …

This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between self-employment and unemployment rates. On the one hand, high … unemployment rates may lead to start-up activity of self-employed individuals (the "refugee" effect). On the other hand, higher … rates of self-employment may indicate increased entrepreneurial activity reducing unemployment in subsequent periods (the …

shift from the managed to the entrepreneurial economy have had lower levels of unemployment. …