effects, limited by the prevalence of oil exports priced in dollars, are more than offset by adverse supply effects. Iran … whether the conventional wisdom still applies to Iran and concludes that the emergence of the nonoil export sector has made …

development of government spending in major sections shapes the political institutions in Iran. This question has become … especially important due to recent international sanctions, aiming to change the political behavior of Iran. We use the impulse … provision spending in Iran. The results imply that a shock in positive changes of democratic quality of institutions leads to …

rial by employing cointegration technique. It is shown that in a oil producing country like Iran due to rent …

development of government spending in major sections shapes the political institutions in Iran. This question has become … especially important due to recent international sanctions, aiming to change the political behavior of Iran. We use the impulse … provision spending in Iran. The results imply that a shock in positive changes of democratic quality of institutions leads to …

expenditures in Iran as a developing oil export based economy. Moreover, I want to know how oil price (revenue) shocks can affect … evidence for the reverse causality is very weak. Overall the results support the revenue–spending hypothesis for Iran. My …

black market rate, as evidenced by the behavior of the Central Bank of Iran …

-revolutionary Iran and the bounds testing approach. Our results reveal that indeed, exchange rate volatility has short-run as well as … long-run effects on the demand for real M2 monetary aggregate in Iran. …