The economic migration of people has lagged substantially behind that of capital and trade. That's largely because barriers to the movement of people remain high. Pressures for enhanced migration are rising, certainly in the less-developed origin (O) countries but also in some quarters of the...

The dynamic relationships among trade, income and the environment for developed and developing countries are examined using a cointegration analysis. Results suggest that trade and income growth tend to increase environmental quality in developed countries, whereas they have detrimental effects...

The dynamic relationships among trade, income and the environment for developed and developing countries are examined using a cointegration analysis. Results suggest that trade and income growth tend to increase environmental quality in developed countries, whereas they have detrimental effects...