In fast-paced markets, the speed of action is critical to gaining competitive advantage. Yet, who will act quickest to rise to emergent challenges and opportunities? We investigate this question of competitive dynamics by combining behavioral and resource-based theories of the firm to explore...

The integration-responsiveness (IR) framework with the typology of international, multi-domestic, global and transnational MNE strategies has become a standard in international management textbooks. In particular, the ‘transnational strategy’ is advocated by some gurus, but considered...