This study attempts to analyse the determinants of inward FDI in the electrical and electronic (E&E) industry in Malaysia using bounds test approach for the 1980–2008 period. It is found that GDP, real exchange rate, financial development, corporate income tax, macroeconomic uncertainty and...

The main objective of this study was to re-examine the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and exports in Malaysia’s economic growth over the period of 1970 to 2006. The Johansen and Juselius (1990) cointegration test was used to investigate the presence of a long-run equilibrium...

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to examine the dynamic relationship between tourist arrivals, inflation, unemployment and crime rates in Malaysia. This study covered the annual data from 1970 to 2008. Design/methodology/approach – The multivariate Johansen-Juselius cointegration...

Purpose – The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the effect of real wages on labour productivity in Malaysia's manufacturing sector using annual data from 1980 to 2009. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses the Johansen cointegration test to examine the presence of...

Policymakers in the developed and developing countries already heading toward medical tourism to stimulate economic growth. Nonetheless, the actual impact of medical tourism on economic growth remains ambiguous. Although medical tourism may spur economic growth via its impact on foreign currency...

In view of the importance of happiness, the present study aims to investigate the sociodemographic determinants of happiness among Penang (Malaysia) adults. An ordered probit model and a primary survey data with a total of 398 observations are used in this study. The results reveal that...

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between savings and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1971–2011. The cointegration and the Granger causality tests are adopted to examine the relationship between the variables. The results confirm the existence of long-run...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of health expenditure in Malaysia within the time series framework from 1967 to 2007. This study employed the Johansen-Juselius cointegration test to examine the cointegration relationship. The results showed that health expenditure...

This study is to empirically investigate the effect of real wages on productivity in Malaysia using monthly data from January 1983 to November 2009. The Johansen’s test suggests that wages and productivity are cointegrated. Moreover, productivity and real wages have a quadratic relationship in...

Purpose – This study attempts to re-investigate the electricity consumption function for Malaysia through the cointegration and causality analyses over the period 1970 to 2005. Design/methodology/approach – The study employed the bounds-testing procedure for cointegration to examine the...