We evaluate explanations for why Germany grew so quickly in the 1950s. The recent literature has emphasized convergence, structural change and institutional shake-up while minimizing the importance of the postwar shock. We show that this shock and its consequences were more important than...

Covers trends in the 1980s and 1990s. Includes case studies of social and labour policies in eight companies.

The manufacturing sector is a major purchaser of services and therefore has a significant impact on growth in the service sector. Conversely, there is not as much impetus generated by services to the manufacturing sector. In 2009, industrial production led to the creation of a further 3.8...