, within a KPF framework, the relationship between the amount of R&D of firms and universities and the amount of patent …

innovation. Spain has done well in reducing the carbon emissions intensity of GDP growth but will need to do more to meet future …’insuffisance de l’innovation. L’Espagne a obtenu de bons résultats pour ce qui est de la réduction de l’intensité en émissions de …

innovation activities. The selection of high-skill managers is more important for innovation activities. As the economy … investments, but little selection. Closer to the world technology frontier, there is a switch to an innovation-based strategy with …

). The first part of this paper introduces different patent-policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic … empirical evidence on the effects of patent rights. Then, the second part considers the international aspects of IPR protection …. In summary, this survey draws the following conclusions from the literature. Firstly, different patent-policy instruments …

The importance of promoting innovation has been elevated up to a status of official standard since the Lisbon European … innovation could be built. R&D has been a growing area of investigation namely at level of firms micro studies aimed at … uncovering firms’ innovation capability. At the macro level, the relevance of R&D for countries’ innovation capability has been …

into complex networks and systems of innovation -- generally known as regional innovation systems -- has, in particular …, been associated with the delivery of greater innovation and growth. However, despite the growing economic and policy … innovation and economic growth. This article addresses this issue by looking at the relationship between innovation and economic …

This study develops a Schumpeterian growth model to analyze the effects of different patent instruments on innovation …. We first analyze patent breadth that captures the traditional positive effect of patent rights on innovation. Then, we … proposed negative effect of patent rights on innovation. Finally, blocking patents generate a non-monotonic effect on …

of two patent instruments (a) the patentability of basic R&D and (b) the division of profi�t between basic and applied … negative effect or an inverted-U effect on technological progress. Nonetheless, a benevolent patent authority requires both … patent instruments to achieve the socially optimal allocation in the decentralized economy. …

debate on whether patent protection stimulates or stifles innovation. We analyze the effects of patent protection in the form … of blocking patents. We show that patent protection changes the direction of innovation by having asymmetric effects on …This study develops an R&D-based growth model with vertical and horizontal innovation to shed some light on the current …