innovators are not protected against others appropriating their ideas, incentives for innovation are suboptimally low. Now in … most industries for most potential users, appropriating a foreign innovation is itself an investment decision fraught with … cost and risk. Nonetheless standard theory predicts too little innovation. Arguably the problem is exacerbated by …

, within a KPF framework, the relationship between the amount of R&D of firms and universities and the amount of patent …

innovation. Spain has done well in reducing the carbon emissions intensity of GDP growth but will need to do more to meet future …’insuffisance de l’innovation. L’Espagne a obtenu de bons résultats pour ce qui est de la réduction de l’intensité en émissions de …

We provide new insights into the role of individual inventors in innovation. We focus our analysis on prolific … inventors in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. We analyse patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to thousands of …

role of patents and trade secrets on innovation. According to the analysis, first, service firms have fewer product … of the law protecting trade secrets on innovation and productivity growth in the service sector. …

Innovation networking has become both more feasible with improved telecommunication and more important as it usually … uniform. Despite overwhelming evidence on the benefits of collaboration, patent data from 1994-2001 in Sweden demonstrate that … innovation networks are not very common. In addition, the pattern of innovative networks is very fragmented. Our results indicate …

issue, we build a model in which the value of an innovation depends both on the type of innovation implemented (product …, process) and on the existence of a patent protection or not. We obtain a three-equation model that links the values of product … and process innovations to the value of patent protection. This model and the feature of the data imply the estimation of …

advance the notion of quadic patent family, defined as a patent family that consists of patent applications at the European … Patent Office, the Japanese Patent Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and the national patent office of a … a sample of 38 countries. Our results indicate that quadic patent applications are driven by the need for accessing …

not patents affect the direction of research but that scientists’ understanding of patent law; their recent experience …