This paper examines the effect of three major national innovation policies (patent protection, research and development (R&D) tax incentives, and government funding of business R&D) on business R&D spending. Unlike previous work, we also consider the effect of openness to international trade. We...

The population of an urban area may be in danger due to disasters like floods, hurricanes, chemical or nuclear accidents. This requires decisions to protect the affected population. One decision may be to evacuate the affected area. For the exceptional case of an evacuation an approach to...

Real life situations like floods, hurricanes or chemical accidents may cause the evacuation of a certain area to rescue the affected population. To enable a fast and a safe evacuation a basic mixed-integer evacuation model has been developed that provides a reorganization of the traffic routing...