In this paper, we consider the problem of scheduling n jobs on m machines in an open shop environment so that the sum of completion times or mean flow time becomes minimal. For this strongly NP-hard problem, we develop and discuss different constructive heuristic algorithms. Extensive...

It is shown that the two machine preemptive job-shop problem with mean flow-time or makespan objective function and three jobs is NP-hard. This contrasts the fact that the nonpreemptive versions of these problems are polynomially solvable if the number of jobs is arbitrary but fixed. It is also...