This paper examines the urban-rural differences of the height during the early stages of modern economic growth and industrialization in Spain. Its aim is to explore the extent of the urban penalty, and the changes of biological welfare in the cities and villages, in the rural and urban areas....

Este trabajo analiza la evolución y competitividad de las exportaciones españolas de vino en el mercado mundial desde la década de 1960. Con ello explora las respuestas de la industria vinícola durante la globalización del vino. Analiza el comportamiento evolutivo del sector por tipos de...

Child labour has been considered a health risk affecting physical growth. Together with income, diets, diseases and environmental hygiene, child labour is one of the determinants of height. This paper examines whether child labour affected the stature of young workers during the spread of...