Reset clauses on the strike price and maturity date are commonly found in derivative contracts, like insurance segregated funds, bonds and executive warrants. We analyze the optimal reset policy adopted by the holder of an option that possesses the reset rights on the strike price and date of...

The reload provision in an employee stock option entitles its holder to receive one new (reload) option from the employer for each share tendered as payment of strike upon the exercise of the stock option. The number of reloads allowed can be finite or infinite. The shout feature in a call...

A knock-in American option under a trigger clause is an option contract in which the option holder receives an American option conditional on the underlying asset price breaching certain trigger level (or called barrier level). We present closed form valuation formulas for knock-in American...

We develop a singular stochastic control model for pricing variable annuities with the guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit. This benefit promises to return the entire initial investment, with withdrawals spread over the term of the contract, irrespective of the market performance of the...

We construct the contingent claims models that price participating policies with rate guarantees and default risk. These policies are characterized by the sharing of profits from an investment portfolio between the insurer and the policyholders. A certain reserve distribution mechanism is...

We propose three analytic approximation methods for numerical valuation of the guaranteed annuity options in deferred annuity pension policies. The approximation methods include the stochastic duration approach, Edgeworth expansion, and analytic approximation in affine diffusions. The payoff...

The target redemption note is an index‐linked note that provides a guaranteed sum of coupons (target cap) with the possibility of early termination. In a typical structure, the coupons are calculated based on an inverse floating, London Interbank Offered Rate/Euro Interbank Offered Rate...