In an attempt to re-regulate the distribution segment of an electric power system, public utility commissions (PUCs) areincreasingly adopting a reward/penalty framework in order to guarantee acceptable electric supply reliability. A distribution utility?s historical reliability performance...

This paper presents cuckoo search algorithm for solving both convex and nonconvex ED (economic dispatch) problems of fossil fuel fired generators considering transmission losses, multiple fuels, valve-point loading and prohibited operating zones. This paper also presents cuckoo search algorithm...

The article examines the impact of changing human resource endowments on the factor intensity and commodity composition of manufacturing exports in the ASEAN economies. There is evidence that skill and human capital endowments over the period 1970-83 have increased, and that this rise in the...