Ever more companies are recognizing the benefits of closed-loop supply chains that integrate product returns into business operations. IBM has been among the pioneers seeking to unlock the value dormant in these resources. We report on a project exploiting product returns as a source of spare...

Reverse logistics (RL) refers to a set of programs or competencies aimed at moving products in the reverse direction in the supply chain (i.e., from consumer to producer). It entails more than the mere re-use of containers and the recycling of packaging materials. It is the process of moving a...

Product recovery is increasingly being recognised with the awareness of environment protection and sustainable development. In the past, many researchers paid more attention to reverse logistics only. In e-commerce, a noticeable ratio of product enters the reverse supply chain. It is urgent to...

Ever more companies are recognizing the benefits of closed-loop supply chains that integrate product returns into business operations. IBM has been among the pioneers seeking to unlock the value dormant in these resources. We report on a project exploiting product returns as a source of spare...

Daten zur Produktionsstruktur der Welt, die aus Input-Output-Tabellen entnommen werden, zeigen, dass der ausländische Wertschöpfungsanteil, der in deutschen Exporten steckt, zwischen 1995 und 2008 von 13,5 auf 20% gestiegen ist. Somit ist für Deutschland der langfristige Trend zur...