rationing of excessive demand is not optimal. It describes the characteristics that rationing of excessive demand has to imply …

Setting a price that results in rationing may be optimal for a seller whose customers must make a specific investment … to be able to use his product. Although rationing results in <MI>ex post<D> inefficiency, the resulting distribution of … higher profits than with market-clearing prices. Committing to a single price, and rationing if there is excess demand, can …

The presence of rationing or more generally of the situations of constrained demand can make the traditional methods of … market disequilibrium indicators or proxies which take into account rationing and incomplete information. In the second part … rationing in Poland's centrally planned economy with administrated prices in 1965-1980 period. We estimate for this period the …

nature, either high or low. I characterize a rationing equilibrium at which the high-type monopolist produces only one unit …