The aim of this paper is to empirically estimate the optimal level of alcohol taxes for Estonia on externality as well as fiscal grounds. For this purpose, a static general-equilibrium model with a representative agent was used. Simulation results showed that raising alcohol taxes a certain...

We study financial crises in a small open production economy subject to credit constraint and uncertainty on the value of debt repayments. We find that the possibility of reducing the severity of future crises encourages the central planner (CP) to increase both the crisis frequency and current...

In a model where agents have unequal skills and heterogeneous preferences about consumption goods and leisure, this paper studies how to combine linear commodity taxes and non-linear income tax. It proposes a particular social welfare function on the basis of fairness principles. It then derives...

The stability of a monetary union entails the establishment of mechanisms that allow the member countries to smooth their paths of consumption after negative shocks in their income. A centralized fiscal institution could help countries through a mechanism of taxes and transfers. In this paper we...

Using the Mirrlees optimal income tax model, with no income effects on labour supply, this article shows that the discrete population approach provides new insights into the characterization of the optimal tax system, which complements the previous findings. The analysis is based on the...

This paper examines how the first-best models of compensation based on the agents' talents and responsibilities analyzed in some recent contributions can be extended to a second-best context. A few social criteria are proposed and compared to alternative approaches by Roemer and Van de gaer.

Over the past two decades of transition from centrally planned economy to market economy Uzbekistan has experienced major structural changes. During this period the objectives of the tax policy were directed towards modernizing the tax system, increasing efficiency and reducing the tax burden on...

As in numerous big cities in developing countries, environmental problems in Cotonou are becoming more and more severe. These problems are the result, among other factors, of the strong air pollution by the motorbike transport sector. This study, while considering health expenditures due to air...

This paper is primarily concerned with the revenue and tax efficiency effects of adjustments to marginal tax rates on individual income as an instrument of possible tax reform. The hypothesis is that changes to marginal rates affect not only the revenue base but also tax efficiency and the...

This paper extends the standard model of growth with insecure property rights by introducing variable labor supply and increasing returns to scale. It is assumed that capital stock is jointly owned by multiple interest groups and that each group participates production activities by supplying...