Ecosystems are being characterised as goods and services to allow their valuation in monetary terms. This follows an orthodox economic approach to environmental values, but is also being undertaken by ecologists and conservation biologist. There appears a lack of clarity and debate as to the...

In this paper we consider how conservation has arisen as a key aspect of the reaction to human-initiated degradation and disappearance of ecosystems, wild lands. and wildlife. Concern over species extinction is given an historical perspective which shows the way in which pressure on wild and...

The use of deliberative methods to assess environmental values in monetary terms has been motivated by the potential for small group discussion to help with preference formation and the inclusion of non-economic values. In this review, two broad approaches are identified: preference...

In a travel cost exercise, reported past visits to mount Jaizkibel, a natural area located in the Basque Country (Spain), are compared for convergent validity to stated intended future trips under the assumption that the natural resource's conditions will remain the same. In line with the...

In this paper, we investigate how different levels of entrance fees affect donations for a public good, a natural park. To explore this issue, we conducted a stated preference study focusing on visitors’ preferences for donating money to raise funds for a protected area in Costa Rica given...

Stated preference (SP) surveys have been conducted to value non-timber benefits (NTBs) from forests in Norway, Sweden and Finland for about 20 years. The paper first reviews the literature and summarises methodological traditions in SP research in the three countries. Second, a meta-regression...

The interest-rate controversies between Böhm-Bawerk and Fisher have attracted little attention and, in the opinion of most commentators, justifiably so. Böhm-Bawerk and Fisher argue over what appear to be two minor issues – Böhm-Bawerk's claims that his third cause of interest (productivity...

This paper considers how appropriately designed financial institutions can allow economic development to become self-financing, and improve the management of the currency and the economy. The business concept of self-financing, not found in leading economic text books, is described. Related...

Cet article presente les principaux resultats d'une mise en oeuvre critique de la methode d'evaluation contingente, realisee dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche engage par le GIP-hydrosystemes en 19995. Il s'appuie sur une enquete d'evaluation contingente menee aupres d'un certain type...

This paper applies the hedonic technique to investigate the effectiveness of bene- fit transfer methodologies in a statistically controlled, repeated sampling scheme. Benefit transfers are carried out on several sets of 1,000 pairs of random, non-overlapping sub-samples drawn from a Chicago...