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Income Distribution and Tax and Government Social Spending Policies in Developing Countries
Chu, Ke-young; Davoodi, Hamid Reza; Gupta, Sanjeev - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2000
This paper reviews income distribution in developing (and transition) countries in recent decades. On average, before-tax income distribution in developing countries is less unequal than in industrial countries. However, unlike industrial countries, developing countries in general have not been...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248221
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Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Reduction; Stylized Facts and An Overview of Research
Cashin, Paul; Pattillo, Catherine A.; Sahay, Ratna; … - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2001
This paper provides a brief and selective overview of research on the links between macroeconomic policies and poverty reduction. Using the Human Development Index as a measure of well-being, the progress made by 100 countries during 1975–98 is presented, and its association with macroeconomic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005604850
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Land Transport Systems under Climate Change: A Macroeconomic Assessment of Adaptation Measures for the Case of Austria
Bachner, Gabriel - Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre, Social- und … - 2015
In the light of climate change, transport systems become increasingly stressed by extreme weather and gradual climatic … adaptation measures for the land transport sectors. To reveal both direct and indirect effects of impacts and adaptation a … effects are found to be larger than the direct ones due to strong economic interlinkages with the transport system. Adaptation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011168931
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The distributional effects of energy taxes
Flues, Florens; Thomas, Alastair - Centre for Tax Policy and Administration (CTPA), … - 2015
an expenditure basis, taxes on transport fuels are not regressive on average, as households in lower expenditure deciles … spend a lower proportion of their expenditure on taxes on transport fuels. While the unweighted 21-country average of the … proportion of income spent on transport fuel taxes is highest for households in the lowest and in the middle deciles, there is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011277133
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Greenhouse gas abatement and tradable emission permits in open economies; a comment on Kalle Maatta's paper
Kageson, Per - In: International Journal of Global Energy Issues 12 (1999) 7/8, pp. 332-335
The topic of this paper is the question of what would be an optimum solution for a country or a greater region that wants to become a forerunner in the abatement of greenhouse gases. Tradeable emission permits are identified as being most beneficial from an environmental efficiency point of view...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010669944
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U.S. Fiscal Policies and Priorities for Long-Run Sustainability
Mühleisen, Martin; Towe, Christopher M. - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2004
This paper presents an overview of recent U.S. fiscal developments and discusses possible implications of the sharp turn around in the government’s fiscal position. Against this back ground, it also reviews key policy challenges that will need to be addressed to cope with the mounting...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005824863
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Tax Policy; Recent Trends and Coming Challenges
Khan, Tehmina S.; Norregaard, John - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2007
This paper provides an overview of the key economic factors that shape tax policy reform in many high-income countries, developing countries, and/or transition economies. The paper describes and evaluates global and regional developments with respect to tax rates and revenue ratios over the last...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005768945
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Income, Energy Taxation, and the Environment: An Econometric Analysis
Ghalwash, Tarek - Institutionen för Nationalekonomi, Umeå Universitet - 2006
This thesis consists of four papers: two of them deal with the relationship between consumption, energy taxation, and emissions on macro level, and two of them focus on the effects of changes in consumption and income on the environmental quality on a micro level. <p> The main objective of paper...</p>
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005424031
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Taxes and Tradable Permits As Instruments for Controlling Pollution; Theory and Practice
Norregaard, John; Reppelin-Hill, Valérie - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2000
This paper examines the relative merits of two dominant economic instruments for reducing pollution—”green” taxes and tradable permits. Theoretically, the two instruments share many similarities, and on balance, neither seems preferable to the other. In practice, however, most countries...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005604886
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Modelling Consumer Demand and Household Labour Supply: Welfare Effects of Increasing Carbon Taxes
Brännlund, Runar; Nordström, Jonas - Institutionen för Nationalekonomi, Umeå Universitet - 2001
tax; one that returns the revenues in the form of a lower VAT and one that subsidise public transport. One conclusion from …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005651930