We explore the questions of why Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) pay more for real estate than non-REIT buyers and by how much. First, we develop a search model where REITs optimally pay more for property because (1) they are willing, due to cost of capital advantages and, (2) they are...

This study investigates 40 Japanese REIT IPOs during 2001 to 2006 and finds evidence that higher final offer prices are reflected in higher underpricing levels by such IPOs. There is also some evidence that suggests the engagement of one of the big 3 Japanese underwriting firms suggests less...

Much of the literature on capital structure excludes Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) due mainly to the unique regulatory environment of these firms. As such, the issue of how REITs choose among different financing options when they raise external capital is largely unexplored. In this...

In our previous study, the empirical relationship between Sharpe measure and its risk proxy was shown to be dependent on the sample size, the investment horizon and market conditions. This important result is generalized in the present study to include Treynor and Jensen performance measures....

This paper studies the adequate size of equity premium over different investment horizons based on spatial dominance. We find that the puzzle with respect to the size of equity premium disappears as investment horizons get longer in terms of the spatial dominance; therefore, the adequate size of...

The risk-free rate is an important input in one of the most widely used finance models: the Capital Asset Pricing Model. Academics and practitioners tend to use either short-term Treasury bills or long-term Treasury bonds as the risk-free security without empirical justification. This study...

Using data from the Tokyo Stock Exchange, we study how beta, size, and ratio of book to market equity (BE/ME) account for the cross-section of expected stock returns over different lengths of investment horizons. We find that $\beta$, adjusted for infrequent trading or not, fails to explain the...

Optimum mean-variance (M-V) investment diversification strategies are analysed as a function of alternative investment horizons. For almost all possible one-period correlations across assets, it is found that as the investment horizon increases, the correlations approach zero and the M-V...

This study investigates whether institutional bond blockholders (i.e., bond funds that hold more than 5% of a firm’s outstanding bonds) impede firm innovative activities, and if they do, through which channels. We find that long-term bond blockholders do not discourage firms from conducting...

Financial basics and intuition stresses the importance of investment horizon for risk management and asset allocation. However, the beta parameter of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is invariant to the holding period. Such contradiction is due to the assumption of long-term independence...