The authors examine changes in the economic performance of Western European regional economies, in particular, the degree of convergence in their economic performance (as measured by the growth of GDP per capita) since the mid-1970s when the larger European Union was established. Although...

This paper identifies four principal econometric approaches to the estimation and testing of asset market models of exchange rate determination: the traditional, static reduced-form approach; the error correction and cointegration, dynamic reduced-form approaches; the simultaneous equations...

In this paper we examine the relationship between the term structure of interest rates for six major European Union countries, to discover if the Exchange Rate Mechanism has lead to a converging of domestic term structures. We test this hypothesis using a model of international interest rate...

Currency substitution has important implications for the cost of European monetary union--if it is significant it will help to reduce costs of convergence to a single currency. This paper informs the policy debate by testing for its existence on a consistent European database making use of...

This paper applies a meta-regression analysis to systematically summarise, integrate and synthesise the results of empirical studies that include market size and labour costs as determinants of FDI. Random effects panel estimation is employed separately for the sample of primary studies that use...

The heterogeneity of investing firms is an important determinant of the distribution of foreign direct investment (FDI) location decisions. This paper, for the first time, explicitly allows for firms’ heterogeneity by using a latent class discrete choice model and a new multi-level data set to...

Soft budget constraints (SBCs) can be said to exist in situations where governments rescue loss-making firms in order to guarantee their survival by means of either a direct or an indirect injection of credit. The credit markets of the former socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe...

Within the mechanism of endogenous growth, this paper empirically investigates the impact of financial capital on economic growth for a panel of 60 developing countries, through the channel of domestic capital formation. By estimating the model for different income groups, it is found that while...