This study examines recent effective rates of protection across the Egyptian economy, using an ad valorem price wedge introduced by nontariff barriers and energy subsidies, and compares today's effective rates of protection with those of a decade ago. The study uses 23 aggregated sectors from...

We have struggled mightily with trying to understand the deeper meaning of our assigned title. What are the critical issues linking diversification of agriculture and international trade? Are they competitive, or even antagonistic, concepts in the broader context of food security and...

Once committed to economywide and sectoral reforms- stabilization, structural adjustment, and trade liberalization - and companion reforms of institutions, how does government best proceed? With what reforms in response to initial conditions, and in what mix, sequence, strength, and speed? This...