Patent protection spurs innovation by raising the rewards for research, but it usually results in less desirable allocations after the innovation has been discovered. In effect, patents reward inventors with inefficient monopoly power. However, previous analysis of intellectual property has...

The Chinese pharmaceutical market is large in absolute size (the second largest in Asia), but it faces similar problems to those that plague other developing countries, such as a lack of adequate patent protection, low pharmaceutical spending per capita, but high pharmaceutical expenditure as a...

Includes bibliographical references (p. 15-18).

"Pre-print from IEEE Data Engineering, June 1990"

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-29).

Reprint. "1063-6382/93 $03.00 1993 IEEE."--P. 670. "April 1993."