This research applies an innovative panel data stationarity testing procedure developed by Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. [Carrion-i-Silvestre, J.L., Barrio-Castro, T.D. and Lopez-Bazo, E., 2005. Breaking the panels: An application to the GDP per capita, Econometrics Journal 8, 159-175.], which has...

The article applies the LM univariate unit root test recently developed by Lee and Strazicich (2003, 2004) to re-examine the validity of trend stationary in the inflation rates of 11 OECD and Asian countries using a longer span of historical data. Our empirical findings are favourable to the...

This study empirically re-investigated whether carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions series were stationary in 21 OECD countries during the 1960-2000 period. A suite of test statistics were employed, proposed by Sen (2003), with a model that simultaneously allows for a break within the context of...

Using panel data unit root tests and panel cointegration tests, as well as estimation techniques appropriate for heterogeneous panels such as the full modified OLS, this paper re-examines the long-run co-movement and the causal relationship between GDP and social security expenditure in a...

This paper examines whether the stochastic convergence hypothesis of per capita carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions is supported in countries with the same level of development – that is, are shocks to relative per capita CO₂ emissions temporary in industrialized countries? We respond to this...