Exchange rare fluctuations complicate the cross-border planning-, control- and co-ordination process in the long-term. The preparation and controlling of budgets as a classic management accounting instrument in the international context also requires a conversion of exchange rates. This article...

The international convergence of management accounting practices is widely discussed in the field of comparative management accounting research. Previous research has focused on the dissemination of particular management accounting techniques, triggered primarily by multinational companies that...

This essay gives an overview of the special features of funding foreign subsidiaries. The central issue discussed is the possibility of funding by equity capital borrowed capital in the form of loans and trade accounts payable. Various envirenmental settings are introduced which lead to...