Many governments around the world are focusing on emissions reduction through energy efficiency improvements, particularly on the demand side. Although Integrated Resource Planning (IRP), which considers both supply-side and demand-side options, had been a useful tool in the planning process for...

In the last quarter of the 20th century, many power companies used the integrated resource planning (IRP) approach in power expansion planning. Today, very few power companies use this approach because of the split between the power generation and distribution activities. It seems that, in some...

The China's electricity consumption was 4966 TWh in 2012, which is the world top electricity consumer. The low carbon electricity is one of the key issues of its sustainable development. IRSP (integrated resource strategic planning) is a useful tool to implement DSM (demand side management) and...

The escalating demand for electricity in China has caused an electricity shortage in the past several years. This paper discusses the role of demand response (DR) as an integral component in alleviating the problem and coping with this shortfall. It reviews current experience with DR programs,...

The Caspian Sea countries present growing importance in the global energy market. The largest energy producers in the region are Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan. In recognition of the growing importance of Caspian countries in the global energy market, this article takes a look at the...

China expects its gross domestic product in 2020 to be four times that of 2000. Limits on energy resources and China's environmental needs require that electricity use grow at a much lower rate than the economy. Demand-side management (DSM) is a critical component of China's sustainable...

With the development of the smart grid in China, new opportunities for responsive industrial loads to participate in the provision of ancillary services (AS) will become accessible. This paper summarizes AS in China and analyzes the necessary characteristics and advantages of industrial users to...