employed cointegration and Granger-causality tests on stochastic systems composed of exports, imports and GDP. In order to have …, export-led-growth hypothesis is verified. Bi-directional causality found for exports and output in the case of Czech Republic … and EU 15 is implying a virtuous circle of growth and exports, case that should be desirable for all the countries from …

additional determinant of economic growth using the framework of Mankiw (1992). The results confirm cointegration among the …The study investigates effect of trade openness on economic growth in the long run. We apply the ARDL bounds testing … series. In long run, trade openness promotes economic growth. The growth-led-trade hypothesis is vindicated by VECM Granger …

the end of this year. This is the fastest growth in the Western Hemisphere for this period, and among the highest growth … Brazil, which has had less than half as much growth over the same period. …

since the Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) party took power nearly 12 years ago; and the longer-term trends of economic growth …

. Two of the country’s largest sources of foreign earnings, petroleum exports and remittances from abroad, crashed during … reached its 20-year growth trend. This paper takes a detailed look at the fiscal, monetary, and other economic and social …

Venezuela’s current growth is generally described as unsustainable, with various negative scenarios put forth … could be sustained, or even accelerated. It finds that Venezuela’s current economic growth is sustainable and could continue …

growth through capital accumulation. This paper contributes to this literature. As opposed to the previous studies, which …, and tests of Granger non-causality are performed within the estimated systems. The main results show that the causal … chains linking saving and output differ across countries, and also that causality associated with adjustments to long …

This paper investigates the relationship between exports and economic growth in Pakistan by utilizing the analytical …

introduced by Thirlwall (1979). According to cointegration analysis exports were an important determinant in the Bolivian … growth. Further results show that Bolivian imports are more elastics than exports respect to the GDP, determining a negative …Theoretical and empirical literature have focused on supply factors when studying economic growth determinants. The …