A manufacturer contracting secretly with several downstream competitors faces an opportunism problem, preventing it from exerting its market power. In an infinitely repeated game, the opportunism problem can be relaxed. We show that the upstream firm's market power can be restored even further...

We model the impact of the transfer price rule (a constraint that re- quires the downstream division of a vertically-integrated ?rm to earn at least a normal rate of return on investment in the counterfactual case that it pays the same price as a nonintegrated ?rm for the essential input), re-...

We analyze the impact of the private label production channel on innovation. A retailer may either choose a competitive fringe or rely on a brand manufacturer to produce its private label. The trade-o between the two channels is a choice between too much or too little innovation, i.e. quality...

We analyze the impact of the private label production channel on innovation. A retailer may either choose to integrate backward with a small firm (insourcing) or rely on a national brand manufacturer (outsourcing) to produce its private label. The trade-off between insourcing and outsourcing...

This paper demonstrates that the standard conclusions regarding the comparison of Cournot and Bertrand competition are reversed in a vertically related market with upstream monopoly and trading via two-part tariffs. In such a market, downstream Cournot competition yields higher output, lower...

This paper demonstrates that the standard conclusions regarding the comparison of Cournot and Bertrand competition are reversed in a vertically related market with upstream monopoly and trading via two-part tariffs. In such a market, downstream Cournot competition yields higher output, lower...

Consumer goods undergo a series of transformations and transactions before they reach the consumer. Their quality is, therefore, determined by the qualities obtained at each single step of the value chain. Consequently, quality assurance along the whole value chain is of utmost importance for...

Arrow (1962) argued that since a monopoly restricts output relative to a competitive industry, it would be less willing to pay a fixed cost to adopt a new technology. We develop a new theory of why a monopolistic industry innovates less. Firms often face major problems in integrating new...

The development of the market of a product needs a wide knowledge of consumption and marketing practices relevant. This paper issue is to analyze the cashew nuts commercialization system in Bantè and Savalou regions in order to identify strengths and weaknesses relevant to the cashew nuts chain...

In standard Bertrand model duopolists compete on perfect markets. However, not many markets are perfect. In fact most of the markets have certainstructure, and this structure is known to producers. We describe the marketorganization by modeling consumer-producer networks and demonstrate thatif...