The Japanese economic policy experience in the 1990s was the worst observed in the country for manydecades. The government withheld critically important economic information from the public, such as thesize of non-performing loans held by financial institutions, while policy-makers were waiting...

This paper outlines a method for using the mathematics of fuzzy sets that is well suited tomeasure and characterize peri-urbanizing ("desakota") systems typical of China, Southeast Asia,and other areas experiencing rapid urbanization. Drawing on Kosko's "fuzzy hypercube", threedistinct but...

This paper is a simultaneous exploration of the within-city production of safety with the endogenous allocation of public inputs (police). Three issues are central. One is an examination of the local government allocation function. Second is that safety is specified as a congestible public...