Collective bargaining in Germany takes place at either industry or firm level. Collective bargaining coverage is much higher than union density. The share of employees covered by collective bargaining in a single firm can vary between 0% and 100%. This institutional setup suggests that...

We investigate the interdependence of debt financing and R&D activities of young firms. Using micro-level data of the KfW/ZEW Start-up Panel, our estimation results show that firm characteristics are more important than personal characteristics of the founders for explaining young firms'...

Collective bargaining in Germany takes place either at the industry level or at the firm level; collective bargaining coverage is much higher than union density; and not all employees in a covered firm are necessarily covered. This institutional setup suggests to distinguish explicitly union...

This article focuses on the euro area wage structure and its potential determinants from a sectoral viewpoint. Merging information from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Structural Analysis database with data from the EU Labour Force Survey, we construct a...

We investigate the interdependence of debt financing and R&D activities of young firms. Using micro-level data of the KfW/ZEW Start-up Panel, our estimation results show that firm characteristics are more important than personal characteristics of the founders for explaining young firms'...

"This paper examines the relationship between the net union density, as a measure of union power, and the wage structure within and between segments of the German labour market in the period 1985-1997 on the basis of the IAB employment sample. Individual probabilities of trade union membership...