When analysing the quality of data, nonconformity with Benford's law can be a useful indicator of poor data quality, which may be a result of fraud or manipulation. In this article, we use Benford's law to compare government social security statistics with deficit related data reported by the EU...

The UN asks governments to report key figures of their annual military budgets with the aim of creating trust among member states. This goal can only be achieved if the data reported is accurate. However, although there are many reasons for governments to falsify data, the UN does not check for...