Beginning in the United States in December 2007, and with much greater intensity since September 2008, much of the industrialised world is being subjected to an economic downturn, which manifests in unemployment, small-business lending, and in particular, the closing of small business...

In case–control studies of gene-environment association with disease, when genetic and environmental exposures can be assumed to be independent in the underlying population, one may exploit the independence in order to derive more efficient estimation techniques than the traditional logistic...

We consider the inference problem of estimating covariate and genetic effects in a family-based case-control study where families are ascertained on the basis of the number of cases within the family. However, our interest lies not only in estimating the fixed covariate effects but also in...

Genetic association studies aim to detect association between one or more genetic polymorphisms and complex traits, which might be some quantitative characteristic or a qualitative attribute of disease. In Chapter 1, we introduce the development of methods for association mapping in the past...

The relationships between water yields of tributaries and coverage of different vegetation types in the corresponding sub-watersheds were investigated during the wet season in the Heishui River Valley, located in the upper portion of the Yangtze River in western China. Stable isotope analysis...

We have studied the statistical mechanics of money circulation in a closed economic system. An explicit statistical formulation of the circulation velocity of money is presented for the first time by introducing the concept of holding time of money. The result indicates that the velocity is...

In order to reveal the characteristics of land use change in the south loess plateau, this paper tentatively divided Loess Plateau into North and South under the support of GIS, and then introduced land use spatial temporal dynamic model, analyzed land use dynamic change in provincial scale. The...

On the basis of traditional weighted network, we study a new complex network model with multi-weights, which has one or several different types of weights between any two nodes. According to the method of network split, we split the complex network with multi-weights into several different...