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, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain (PIIGS) countries during the period 2005 to 2011. To accomplish our objective, we divide …This paper investigates whether cointegration and causality relationships exist among the stock markets of the Portugal … Greece and the rest of the countries. The findings have important implications for portfolio diversification benefits and the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010668773
The causality between energy consumption and real income in developed countries has been a very vital research topic in recent years. Raising concerns about climate change and global warming increase the pressure on policy makers to take action against energy depletion. Unfortunately these...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010886612
Sixteen countries across the world ¡ª including the United States and many European nations ¡ª have fallen into economic crises since the late 1990s. In <em>The Limits of Fiscal, Monetary, and Trade Policies: International Comparisons and Solutions</em>, Jonathan E Leightner convincingly argues that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011010979
net external debt levels. In Spain and Portugal, cost competitiveness relative to the rest of the euro area would need to … improve by about 30%, and by more than twice that in Greece. In peripheral countries, a combination of structural reforms to … structurels à des balances compatibles avec des niveaux durables de dette extérieure nette. L’Espagne et le Portugal …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011276880
The European welfare regimes face two sets of challenges. One internal, specific for the welfare state itself, and the other external, imposed by changing economic, political and economics conditions. The first challenge lies in the growing gap between the rigid welfare state design and flexible...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009352451
This article analyses the relationship between the main antecedents of and imports/GNP ratio as a subtle reflector of macro-level consumer ethnocentrism (CE). We constructed a model that reflects the macro level ethnocentrism in a domestic country. This ratio expresses the economy openness of a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009353059
the stock indices of the PIIGS economies (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain). Design/methodology/approach – The …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010814981
The paper argues that the Greek debt crisis, as well as those of other Southern European countries and Ireland, has to …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010670267
The compensation hypothesis predicts a positive causation from international economic openness to the size of the public sector, as governments step in to perform a risk mitigating role to counterbalance the increasing exposure to external risk and the economic dislocations caused by growing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010670287
martingale hypothesis in the stock prices of the Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain (PIIGS economies) markets. This paper … in support of the weak-form efficiency of Italy and Spain. But Portugal, Ireland and Greece exhibit signs of long memory …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010691559