can be included in policy selection. This paper studies the equivalence between taxes and subsidies in the control of … negative production externalities. In our models, under the tax regime, firms that take no treatment action to mitigate the … damage caused by their negative externalities are punished, whereas under the subsidy regime, firms are rewarded for …

Welfare economics, scope and performance of government, externalities, public goods, cost-benefit analysis, subsidies … addresses externalities, provided the social return is above a threshold. This paper argues that another consideration needs to … be brought into the mix - whether, in spite of the externalities, the private sector has an incentive to undertake the …

the form of subsidies. Through this analysis, the study determines the profile of YICs that receive public innovation aid … variables act as moderating variables. Size of the YIC and the entrepreneur's sex significantly affect access to subsidies. The … to subsidies. …

The potential of taxation to correcting environmental externalities has been long recognized among economists. Yet …, this welfare-enhancing policy commonly faces strong opposition by citizens. Conversely, externality-correcting subsidies … subsidies. In an experimental market with a negative externality, participants vote on the introduction of Pigouvian taxes and …